Prostatitis is an inflammatory disease of the prostate gland.It can be infectious or non-infectious in nature.Regardless of the form of the disease, complex treatment of prostatitis is necessary, including drug and non-drug therapy.
Types of prostatitis and treatment.
Depending on the development, infectious and non-infectious prostatitis are distinguished.
The infectious disease is caused by the activity of pathogenic agents that cause inflammation of the prostate.Depending on the type of pathogen, bacterial or fungal inflammation is distinguished.The disease can be provoked both by the activity of opportunistic microorganisms, which are always present in a man's body, and by sexually transmitted infections, for example, chlamydia or trichomonas.
The disease develops against the background of decreased immunity.In most cases, this type of prostatitis is caused by opportunistic microorganisms, for example, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus.A healthy body can suppress infection, but inflammation develops against the background of decreased immunity.
Non-infectious prostatitis is a consequence of a sedentary lifestyle.Its development is caused by congestion in the pelvic organs: impaired blood circulation, lymph flow or stagnation of prostate secretions.Factors that provoke the development of this form of inflammation:
- hypothermia;
- decreased immunity;
- physical inactivity;
- obesity;
- irregular sexual life.
Congestive prostatitis is believed to be a disease of office workers.The disease develops against the background of physical inactivity, as a result of which the metabolism decreases and the trophism of the prostate is disturbed.
A man's sex life plays an important role in the development of congestive prostatitis.Lack of sexual activity causes a decrease in prostate tone and stagnation of secretions.This causes swelling of the organ and the development of inflammation.At the same time, excessive sexual activity (more than 2-3 sexual relations per day) leads to depletion of the organ and can also provoke the development of the disease.
Depending on the nature of the course, prostatitis is divided into acute and chronic.The acute form is characterized by an exacerbation of specific symptoms, including:
- frequent need to urinate;
- pain and burning in the urethra;
- bladder spasms;
- pain in the perineum;
- erectile dysfunction.
The process of urination is accompanied by severe pain in the urethra, caused by compression of the urethra due to the enlarged prostate.
Acute prostatitis can be treated quite successfully with the timely administration of appropriate drug therapy.In the absence of adequate treatment, it becomes chronic.This disease is accompanied by a weakening of the sexual function of a man and various disorders of the urinary system.
Chronic prostatitis can be infectious or non-infectious.In both cases, it is characterized by periodic exacerbations, during which the symptoms become more acute.Exacerbations of the disease are mainly associated with a decrease in immunity.
An integrated approach to treatment.
Before starting treatment, the patient must undergo all examinations to identify the type of inflammatory process and the type of pathogen.For this, an analysis of prostate secretion, an ultrasound and an MRI of the organ are performed.
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis includes:
- drug therapy;
- increase immunity;
- physiotherapeutic methods;
- diet therapy;
- lifestyle change.
Drug therapy depends on the form of the disease.For infectious inflammation, the main line of treatment is antibacterial medications.Their selection is made based on the results of the prostate analysis.
For non-infectious prostatitis in the acute stage, anti-inflammatory drugs are used for symptomatic treatment.Most of the therapy is carried out with drugs that normalize the functionality of the organ.
Complex treatment of prostatitis necessarily includes taking medications to improve immunity.They can be local agents (rectal suppositories) or immunomodulators in tablets.The choice of medications is made only by a doctor.
For bacterial prostatitis, the basis of treatment is to fight infections;for stagnant prostatitis, it is to improve the functionality of the gland.
Antibacterial therapy
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis begins with medications to relieve symptoms, which normalize prostate function and improve well-being.For infectious prostatitis, the mainstay of treatment is antibiotics.
The following groups of drugs are used for treatment:
- penicillins;
- tetracyclines;
- macrolides;
- fluoroquinolones.
Penicillins and tetracyclines are used quite infrequently in urological practice due to the low effectiveness of treatment and the large number of side effects.Pathogenic microorganisms that provoke the inflammatory process quickly develop resistance to the action of drugs of this group, which negatively affects the therapeutic effect of drugs.
However, a fairly good result is achieved by taking combined medications.
In most cases, macrolide medications are prescribed.Its advantages lie in a wide spectrum of action, good tolerance by organisms and high bioavailability, so the components of the drug penetrate the prostate tissue.
Recently, doctors are increasingly preferring drugs from the fluoroquinolone group.These are broad-spectrum antimicrobial drugs that have a series of advantages over conventional antibiotics.
Since fluoroquinolones, unlike antibiotics, are completely synthetic drugs that have no natural analogues, treatment with these drugs is more effective due to the lack of development of resistance in pathogens.
Fluoroquinolones quickly penetrate the prostate tissue, are well tolerated by the body and rarely cause side effects.Very often, doctors prescribe medications containing levofloxacin.Therapy lasts at least 28 days, the drug is taken in 1-2 tablets.The doctor individually selects the exact dose and dosing regimen.In some cases, intramuscular administration of the drug may be prescribed, in which case the course of treatment is reduced.
Anti-inflammatory medications
For the complex treatment of chronic prostatitis of a non-infectious nature, anti-inflammatory drugs are used.
These drugs have a symptomatic effect, eliminate pain and stop the inflammatory process.It is advisable to prescribe anti-inflammatory drugs in suppositories;Thanks to this form of release, the active ingredient directly enters the tissue of the prostate gland.
For infectious inflammation, anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed in short courses to relieve symptoms, but for non-infectious prostatitis they constitute the main line of treatment, since antibiotics are not used for this form of the disease.
To treat congestive prostatitis, bioactive drugs are often used to normalize the functionality of the prostate.
As a general rule, these are preparations based on extracts from the prostate gland of bullocks.The drug improves prostate trophism, relieves inflammation and reduces swelling.For non-infectious prostatitis, it is used for a long course to treat inflammation.For bacterial inflammation of the prostate, this medication is indicated to restore the functioning of the organ after antibiotic therapy.
For congestive prostatitis, suppositories with propolis and bee products, ichthyol or pumpkin oil are often prescribed.Such drugs are aimed at normalizing prostate trophism, have an anti-inflammatory effect and increase local immunity.
Medicines to improve immunity.
During the complex treatment of prostatitis, the prostate is exposed to various medications.To prevent the disease from developing again after treatment, a set of measures to increase immunity is indicated.
For this, the following is prescribed:
- preparations with zinc;
- tablets with echinacea extract;
- vitamin complex;
- vitamin E.
Zinc, selenium and vitamin E are necessary for normal prostate function. Urologists often prescribe bioactive dietary supplements high in these substances.
It is also recommended to take a course of vitamins designed specifically for men.Such medications contain a complex of substances aimed at normalizing the functioning of the genitourinary system.
To reduce the risk of exacerbations and recovery after antibiotic therapy, injections of echinacea extract are prescribed, but this drug is no less effective in tablet form.
For chronic prostatitis, a vitamin complex should be taken twice a year to reduce the risk of exacerbation.
Physiotherapy and massages.
For chronic prostatitis, physiotherapy is prescribed to eliminate congestion.Usually acupuncture, current and magnetic methods of influence, darsonvalization are used.For bacterial inflammation, these methods are not used, as they can lead to the spread of pathogens throughout the body through the bloodstream.
If prostate trophism is altered, rectal massage is indicated.Such procedures are carried out by a qualified specialist - a urologist or proctologist.The massage course covers 10 to 15 procedures.
Physiotherapy stimulates blood circulation in the pelvic organs, eliminates lymphatic stagnation and normalizes the outflow of prostate secretions.A course of procedures allows you to restore the normal functioning of the organ and has a positive effect on potency.
Surgical treatment
Surgical treatment of prostatitis is performed only in case of complications.
With infectious prostatitis, the formation of a prostate abscess is possible.This requires immediate hospitalization of the patient and manipulation, during which the abscess is opened and its contents removed.
With chronic prostatitis, narrowing of the urethra is possible, which leads to acute urinary retention.In this case, surgery is performed and a catheter is installed to remove urine.Also, in severe cases of the disease, fibrosis can develop, as a result of which scars appear in the prostate tissue.In this case, an operation is performed in which the compaction areas are eliminated using a laser.
Lifestyle and nutrition
Comprehensive treatment of prostatitis includes changing lifestyle, normalizing nutrition and giving up bad habits.The diet for inflammation of the prostate is not strict, but excludes fast food, semi-finished products and smoked foods.Alcohol and tobacco should be avoided.
You should include foods in your diet that are good for men's health:
- avocado;
- pumpkin seed and olive oil;
- nuts and honey;
- citrus;
- pumpkin seeds;
- fermented dairy products.
If you have congestive prostatitis, you should exercise regularly.Physical activity should be aimed at normalizing blood circulation in the lower part of the body.
The patient's sexual life plays an important role.If you have prostatitis, you need to have sex regularly, at least 3 times a week.At the same time, excessive sexual activity is unacceptable, as it exhausts the prostate.
Otherwise, proper drug therapy, proper nutrition and giving up bad habits will help you get rid of prostatitis.However, after inflammation, it is recommended that a man visit a urologist annually and undergo a complete examination of the prostate.